Emo (diucapkan / i ː moʊ / ) adalah gaya musik rock musik yang biasanya ditandai dengan merdu dan ekspresif, sering lyrics pengakuan. It originated in the mid-1980s hardcore punk movement of Washington, DC , where it was known as "emotional hardcore" or "emocore" and pioneered by bands such as Rites of Spring and Embrace . Ini berasal dari pertengahan 1980-an hardcore punk pergerakan Washington, DC , di mana ia dikenal sebagai "hardcore emosional" atau "emocore" dan dipelopori oleh band-band seperti Rites of Spring dan Embrace . As the style was echoed by contemporary American punk rock bands, its sound and meaning shifted and changed, blending with pop punk and indie rock and encapsulated in the early 1990s by groups such as Jawbreaker and Sunny Day Real Estate . Sebagai gaya itu bergema oleh Amerika kontemporer punk rock band, suara dan makna bergeser dan berubah, pencampuran dengan pop punk dan indie rock dan dirumuskan dalam awal 1990-an oleh kelompok-kelompok seperti Jawbreaker dan Sunny Day Real Estate . By the mid 1990s numerous emo acts emerged from the Midwestern and Central United States , and several independent record labels began to specialize in the style. Dengan berbagai tindakan pertengahan 1990-an emo muncul dari Midwestern dan Pusat Amerika Serikat , dan beberapa label rekaman independen mulai mengkhususkan diri pada gaya.
Emo broke into mainstream culture in the early 2000s with the platinum -selling success of Jimmy Eat World and Dashboard Confessional and the emergence of the subgenre " screamo ". Emo pecah menjadi budaya utama di awal 2000-an dengan platinum keberhasilan penjualan-dari Jimmy Eat World dan Dashboard Confessional dan munculnya subgenre yang " screamo ". In recent years the term "emo" has been applied by critics and journalists to a variety of artists, including multiplatinum acts and groups with disparate styles and sounds. Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir istilah "emo" telah diterapkan oleh kritikus dan wartawan untuk berbagai artis, termasuk tindakan multiplatinum dan kelompok dengan gaya berbeda dan suara.
In addition to music, "emo" is often used more generally to signify a particular relationship between fans and artists, and to describe related aspects of fashion, culture, and behavior. Selain musik, "emo" sering digunakan lebih umum untuk menandai hubungan tertentu antara penggemar dan seniman, dan untuk menggambarkan aspek-aspek terkait fashion, budaya, dan perilaku.
Sejarah
Origins: 1980s Asal: 1980
 | The melodic guitars, varied rhythms, and deeply personal lyrics of Rites of Spring broke from the rigid boundaries of hardcore and helped launch the "emotional hardcore" or "emocore" style. Gitar melodi, irama bervariasi, dan sangat lyrics pribadi dari Rites of Spring pecah dari batas-batas kaku hardcore dan membantu meluncurkan hardcore emosional "" atau "emocore" gaya. |
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Emo emerged from the hardcore punk scene of early-1980s Washington, DC , both as a reaction to the increased violence within the scene and as an extension of the personal politics espoused by Ian MacKaye of Minor Threat , who had turned the focus of the music from the community back towards the individual. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Minor Threat fan Guy Picciotto formed Rites of Spring in 1984, breaking free of hardcore's self-imposed boundaries in favor of melodic guitars, varied rhythms, and deeply personal, impassioned lyrics. [ 3 ] Many of the band's themes would become familiar tropes in later generations of emo music, including nostalgia, romantic bitterness, and poetic desperation. [ 4 ] Their performances became public emotional purges where audience members would sometimes weep. [ 5 ] MacKaye became a huge Rites of Spring fan, recording their only album and serving as their roadie on tour, and soon formed a new band of his own called Embrace which explored similar themes of self-searching and emotional release. [ 6 ] Similar bands soon followed in connection with the " Revolution Summer " of 1985, a deliberate attempt by members of the Washington, DC scene to break from the rigid constraints of hardcore in favor of a renewed spirit of creativity. [ 2 ] Bands such as Gray Matter , Beefeater , Fire Party , Dag Nasty , Lunchmeat, and Kingface were connected to this movement. [ 2 ] [ 6 ] Emo muncul dari hardcore punk scene awal 1980-an Washington, DC , baik sebagai reaksi terhadap kekerasan meningkat dalam pemandangan dan sebagai perpanjangan politik pribadi yang didukung oleh Ian MacKaye dari Minor Threat , yang telah mengubah fokus musik dari masyarakat kembali ke individu. [1] [2] Ancaman kipas Minor Guy Picciotto terbentuk Rites of Spring pada tahun 1984, melanggar bebas dari diri-dikenakan batas hardcore mendukung gitar melodi, irama bervariasi, dan sangat pribadi, bersemangat lyrics. [3] Banyak dari band itu tema akan menjadi kiasan akrab di generasi kemudian musik emo, termasuk nostalgia, kepahitan romantis, dan puitis putus asa. [4] kinerja mereka menjadi publik emosional pembersihan mana penonton terkadang akan menangis. [5] MacKaye menjadi suatu Ritus besar kipas Spring, rekaman album hanya melayani mereka dan sebagai roadie mereka tur, dan segera membentuk band baru yang disebut sendiri Rangkullah yang mengeksplorasi tema yang serupa pencarian diri dan melepaskan emosi. [6] band serupa segera diikuti dalam sehubungan dengan " Revolusi musim panas "tahun 1985, sebuah upaya yang disengaja oleh anggota dari Washington, DC adegan untuk istirahat dari kendala kaku hardcore mendukung semangat baru kreativitas. [2] Band seperti Gray Matter , Beefeater , Fire Partai , Dag Nasty , Lunchmeat, dan Kingface dihubungkan dengan gerakan ini. [2] [6]
The exact origins of the term "emo" are uncertain, but date back to at least 1985. Asal tepat dari istilah "emo" tidak pasti, namun tanggal kembali ke setidaknya 1985. According to Andy Greenwald , author of Nothing Feels Good: Punk Rock, Teenagers, and Emo , "The origins of the term 'emo' are shrouded in mystery [...] but it first came into common practice in 1985. If Minor Threat was hardcore, then Rites of Spring, with its altered focus, was emotional hardcore or emocore." [ 6 ] Michael Azerrad , author of Our Band Could Be Your Life , also traces the word's origins to this time: "The style was soon dubbed 'emo-core,' a term everyone involved bitterly detested, although the term and the approach thrived for at least another fifteen years, spawning countless bands." [ 7 ] MacKaye also traces it to 1985, attributing it to an article in Thrasher magazine referring to Embrace and other Washington, DC bands as "emo-core", which he called "the stupidest fucking thing I've ever heard in my entire life." [ 8 ] Other accounts attribute the term to an audience member at an Embrace show, who yelled that the band was "emocore" as an insult. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] Others contend that MacKaye coined the term when he used it self-mockingly in a magazine, or that it originated with Rites of Spring. [ 10 ] The Oxford English Dictionary , however, dates the earliest usage of "emo-core" to 1992 and "emo" to 1993, with "emo" first appearing in print media in New Musical Express in 1995. [ 11 ] [ 12 ] Menurut Andy Greenwald , penulis Tidak Menyenangkan: Punk Rock, Remaja, dan Emo , "Asal-usul istilah 'emo' terselubung misteri [...] tapi pertama kali datang ke praktek umum pada tahun 1985. Jika Minor Threat itu hardcore, kemudian Rites of Spring, dengan fokus diubah nya, adalah hardcore emosional atau emocore. " [6] Michael Azerrad , penulis kami Band Mungkinkah Hidup Anda , juga jejak kata itu asal untuk waktu ini: "gaya itu segera digelari "emo-core, 'setiap orang yang terlibat jangka pahit membenci, meskipun istilah dan pendekatan berhasil selama setidaknya lima belas tahun lagi, pemijahan band tak terhitung jumlahnya." [7] MacKaye juga jejak untuk tahun 1985, menghubungkan ke sebuah artikel di penebah majalah mengacu pada Rangkullah dan lain Washington, DC band sebagai "emo-core", yang disebutnya "hal fucking tolol yang pernah saya dengar sepanjang hidup saya." [8] account atribut lainnya istilah untuk anggota audiens pada Merangkul menunjukkan, yang berteriak bahwa band ini "emocore" sebagai penghinaan. [9] [10] Lain-lain berpendapat bahwa MacKaye menciptakan istilah ketika ia digunakan sendiri-mengejek di majalah, atau yang berasal dari Rites of Spring. [10 ] ini Oxford Dictionary Inggris , Namun, tanggal awal penggunaan "emo-core" untuk 1992 dan "emo" untuk tahun 1993, dengan "emo" pertama kali muncul di media cetak di Musik Express Baru pada tahun 1995. [11] [12]
The "emocore" label quickly spread around the Washington, DC punk scene and became attached to many of the bands associated with MacKaye's Dischord Records label. [ 9 ] Although many of these bands simultaneously rejected the term, it stuck nonetheless. Emocore "" label dengan cepat menyebar di sekitar Washington, DC punk scene dan menjadi melekat pada banyak band yang berhubungan dengan MacKaye's Records Dischord label. [9] Meskipun banyak dari band-band secara simultan istilah ditolak, namun terjebak. Scene veteran Jenny Toomey has recalled that "The only people who used it at first were the ones that were jealous over how big and fanatical a scene it was. [Rites of Spring] existed well before the term did and they hated it. But there was this weird moment, like when people started calling music 'grunge,' where you were using the term even though you hated it." [ 13 ] Scene veteran Jenny Toomey telah ingat bahwa "Satu-satunya orang yang menggunakannya pada awalnya adalah orang-orang yang iri atas bagaimana besar dan fanatik adegan itu]. [Rites of Spring ada jauh sebelum istilah itu dan mereka membencinya. Tapi ada adalah saat ini aneh, seperti ketika orang-orang mulai memanggil 'grunge musik,' di mana Anda menggunakan istilah walaupun Anda benci itu. " [13]
The Washington, DC emo scene lasted only a few years. Washington, DC adegan emo hanya berlangsung beberapa tahun. By 1986 most of the major bands of the movement—including Rites of Spring, Embrace, Gray Matter, and Beefeater—had broken up. [ 14 ] Even so, the ideas and aesthetics originating from the scene spread quickly across the country via a network of homemade zines , vinyl records, and hearsay. [ 15 ] According to Greenwald, the Washington, DC scene laid the groundwork for all subsequent incarnations of emo: Pada tahun 1986 sebagian besar band utama dari gerakan-termasuk Ritus Spring, Embrace, Gray Matter, dan Beefeater-putus. [14] Meskipun demikian, gagasan dan estetika yang berasal dari tempat kejadian menyebar dengan cepat di seluruh negeri melalui jaringan dari buatan sendiri zine , kaset, dan desas-desus. [15] Menurut Greenwald, Washington, DC adegan meletakkan dasar untuk semua inkarnasi berikutnya emo:
What had happened in DC in the mid-eighties—the shift from anger to action, from extroverted rage to internal turmoil, from an individualized mass to a mass of individuals—was in many ways a test case for the transformation of the national punk scene over the next two decades. Apa yang telah terjadi di DC dalam pergeseran-pertengahan tahun delapan puluhan dari amarah untuk bertindak, dari kemarahan ekstrover untuk gejolak internal, dari massa individual untuk massa individu-adalah dalam berbagai cara batu ujian bagi transformasi punk nasional selama dua dekade berikutnya. The imagery, the power of the music, the way people responded to it, and the way the bands burned out instead of fading away—all have their origins in those first few performances by Rites of Spring. citra itu, kekuatan musik, cara orang menanggapi itu, dan cara band terbakar habis bukan memudar-semuanya memiliki asal-usul mereka dalam beberapa pertunjukan yang pertama oleh Rites of Spring. The roots of emo were laid, however unintentionally, by fifty or so people in the nation's capital. Akar dari emo itu diletakkan, namun tidak sengaja, oleh lima puluh orang di ibukota negara. And in some ways, it was never as good and surely never as pure again. Dan dalam beberapa hal, tidak pernah sebagai baik dan pasti tidak pernah sebagai murni lagi. Certainly, the Washington scene was the only time "emocore" had any consensus definition as a genre. [ 16 ] Tentu saja, adegan Washington adalah satu-satunya waktu "emocore" punya definisi konsensus sebagai sebuah genre. [16]
MacKaye and Piccioto, along with Rites of Spring drummer Brendan Canty , went on to form the highly influential Fugazi who, despite sometimes being connected with the term "emo", are not commonly recognized as an emo band. [ 17 ] MacKaye dan Piccioto, bersama dengan Rites of Spring drummer Brendan Canty , melanjutkan untuk membentuk sangat berpengaruh Fugazi yang, meskipun kadang-kadang dihubungkan dengan istilah "emo", tidak umum diakui sebagai band emo. [17]
Reinvention: Early 1990s Reinvention: Awal tahun 1990-an
As the ideals of the Washington, DC emo movement spread across the United States, many bands in numerous local scenes began to emulate the sound as a way to marry the intensity of hardcore with the complex emotions associated with growing older. [ 18 ] The style combined the fatalism, theatricality, and outsiderness of The Smiths with the uncompromising and dramatic worldview of hardcore. [ 18 ] Although the bands were numerous and the locales varied, the aesthetics of emocore in the late 1980s remained more or less the same: "over-the-top lyrics about feelings wedded to dramatic but decidedly punk music." [ 18 ] However, in the early 1990s, several new bands reinvented the emo style and carried its core characteristic, the intimacy between bands and fans, into the new decade. [ 19 ] Chief among these were Jawbreaker and Sunny Day Real Estate , both of whom fostered cult followings, recontextualized the word "emo", and brought it a step closer to the mainstream. [ 19 ] According to Andy Greenwald: Sebagai cita-cita Washington, DC emo gerakan yang tersebar di seluruh Amerika Serikat, banyak band lokal banyak adegan mulai meniru suara sebagai cara untuk menikah dengan intensitas hardcore dengan emosi yang kompleks yang berhubungan dengan pertumbuhan yang lebih tua. [18] gaya menggabungkan fatalisme, sandiwara, dan outsiderness dari The Smiths dengan tanpa kompromi dan pandangan dunia hardcore dramatis. [18] Meskipun telah banyak band dan locales bervariasi, estetika emocore di akhir tahun 1980 masih kurang lebih sama: "atas the-top-lirik tentang perasaan terikat pada dramatis tetapi jelas musik punk. " [18] Namun, di awal 1990-an, beberapa band-band baru ditemukan kembali gaya emo dan membawa karakteristik intinya, keakraban antara band dan penggemar, ke dalam dekade baru . [19] Ketua di antara mereka adalah Jawbreaker dan Sunny Day Real Estate , keduanya dibina berikut kultus, recontextualized kata "emo", dan membawanya selangkah lebih dekat ke mainstream. [19] Menurut Andy Greenwald:
Sunny Day Real Estate was emo's head and Jawbreaker its busted gut—the two overlapped in the heart, then broke up before they made it big. Sunny Day Real Estate adalah kepala emo dan Jawbreaker yang pecah usus-dua tumpang tindih dalam hati, kemudian pecah sebelum mereka berhasil besar. Each had a lasting impact on the world of independent music. Masing-masing memiliki dampak yang langgeng dunia musik independen. The bands shared little else but fans, and yet somehow the combination of the two lays down a fairly effective blueprint for everything that was labeled emo for the next decade. [ 19 ] Bersama band kecil lain tapi fans, tapi entah bagaimana kombinasi dari kedua menetapkan suatu cetak biru yang cukup efektif untuk segala sesuatu yang diberi label emo untuk dekade berikutnya. [19]
In the wake of the 1991 success of Nirvana 's Nevermind , underground music and subcultures in the United States became big business. Di belakang keberhasilan 1991 Nirvana 's Nevermind musik subkultur bawah tanah dan di Amerika Serikat menjadi bisnis besar. New distribution networks emerged, touring routes were codified, and regional and independent acts were able to access the national stage. [ 19 ] Teenagers across the country declared themselves fans of independent music, and being punk became mainstream. [ 19 ] In this new musical climate, the aesthetics of emo expanded into the mainstream and altered the way the music was perceived: "Punk rock no-nos like the cult of personality and artistic abstraction suddenly become de rigueur ", says Greenwald. jaringan distribusi baru muncul, rute tur yang dikodifikasi, dan regional dan bertindak independen mampu mengakses panggung nasional. [19] Remaja di seluruh negeri menyatakan diri penggemar musik independen, dan menjadi punk menjadi mainstream. [19] Dalam hal ini baru musik iklim, estetika emo meluas menjadi mainstream dan mengubah cara musik dianggap: "Punk rock no-nos seperti kultus kepribadian dan abstraksi artistik tiba-tiba menjadi keharusan ", kata Greenwald. "If one definition of emo has always been music that felt like a secret, Jawbreaker and Sunny Day Real Estate were cast in the rolls of the biggest gossips of all, reigning as the largest influences on every emo band that came after them." [ 20 ] "Jika salah satu definisi emo selalu musik yang terasa seperti rahasia, Jawbreaker dan Sunny Day Real Estate yang dilemparkan dalam gulungan dari gosip terbesar dari semua, memerintah sebagai pengaruh terbesar di setiap band emo yang muncul setelah mereka". [ 20]
| " 'Kiss the Bottle,' more than any other song, captures the sensitive boy machismo that drew (and continues to draw) male listeners to the altar of Schwarzenbach." [ 21 ] "'Kiss Botol,' lebih dari lagu lain, menangkap Machismo anak sensitif yang menarik (dan terus untuk menggambar) pendengar laki-laki di atas mezbah Schwarzenbach." [21] |
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Jawbreaker has been referred to as "the Rosetta Stone of contemporary emo". [ 20 ] Emerging from the San Francisco punk rock scene of the late 1980s and early 1990s, their songwriting combined the heft of hardcore with pop punk sensibilities and the tortured artistry of mid-1980s emocore. [ 20 ] Singer/guitarist Blake Schwarzenbach focused his lyrics on topics that were personal, immediate, and lived, often lifting them directly from his journal. [ 22 ] Though they were often obscure and cloaked in metaphors , their specificity to Schwarzenbach's own concerns gave the words a bitterness and frustration that made them universal and magnetic to audiences. [ 23 ] Schwarzenbach became emo's first idol as listeners related to the singer more than the songs themselves. [ 23 ] Jawbreaker's 1994 album 24 Hour Revenge Therapy became their most-loved amongst fans and is a touchstone of mid-1990s emo. [ 24 ] The band signed to major label Geffen Records and toured with Nirvana and Green Day , but their 1995 album Dear You sold poorly and they broke up soon after, with Schwarzenbach later forming Jets to Brazil . [ 25 ] Their influence lived on, however, through later successful emo and pop punk bands openly indebted to Jawbreaker's sound. [ 26 ] Jawbreaker telah disebut sebagai " Batu Rosetta emo kontemporer ". [20] Muncul dari San Francisco rock punk dari akhir 1980-an dan awal 1990-an, lagu mereka menggabungkan dengan berat dari hardcore punk pop kepekaan dan kesenian menyiksa pertengahan 1980-an emocore. [20] Penyanyi / gitaris Blake Schwarzenbach terfokus pada topik lirik yang pribadi, langsung, dan hidup, sering mengangkat mereka langsung dari jurnalnya. [22] Meskipun mereka sering tidak jelas dan ditutupi dalam metafora , mereka spesifisitas memiliki keprihatinan's Schwarzenbach memberikan kata-kata yang pahit dan frustrasi yang membuat mereka universal dan magnet bagi pemirsa. [23] Schwarzenbach menjadi pertama idola's emo sebagai pendengar yang berhubungan dengan penyanyi lebih daripada lagu sendiri. [23] 1994 album Jawbreaker's 24 Jam Revenge Terapi menjadi yang paling dicintai di antara penggemar dan merupakan batu ujian dari pertengahan tahun 1990-an emo. [24] Band menandatangani kontrak dengan major label Geffen Records dan tur dengan Nirvana dan Green Day , tapi yang 1995 album yang terhormat Anda dijual buruk dan mereka putus segera setelah , dengan Schwarzenbach kemudian membentuk Jets ke Brazil . [25] Pengaruh mereka tinggal di Namun, melalui sukses emo kemudian dan band pop punk secara terbuka berutang budi kepada's suara Jawbreaker. [26]
| Sunny Day Real Estate 's epic sound challenged other bands to reach further with their own music. Sunny Day Real Estate suara 'epik s menantang band lainnya untuk menjangkau lebih lanjut dengan musik mereka sendiri. "Seven" helped bring emo towards the mainstream when it received airplay on MTV . "Tujuh" membantu membawa emo terhadap mainstream saat diputar di MTV . |
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Sunny Day Real Estate formed in Seattle during the height of the early-1990s grunge boom. [ 27 ] In contrast to Jawbreaker, its members were accomplished musicians with high-quality gear, lofty musical ambitions, intricate songwriting, and a sweeping, epic sound. [ 27 ] Frontman Jeremy Enigk sang desperately, in a falsetto register, about losing himself and subsuming himself in something greater, often using haphazard lyrics and made-up words. [ 28 ] The band's debut album Diary (1994) was over-the-top and romantic, and the music video for "Seven" received airplay on MTV . [ 29 ] The band's ambitious sound challenged other bands to reach further with their own music in sentiment, instrumentation, and metaphor, and represented a generational shift between grunge and emo. [ 30 ] Other emo-leaning punk bands soon followed suit, and the word "emo" began to shift from being vague and undefined to referring to a specific type of emotionally overbearing music that was romantic but distanced from the political nature of punk rock. [ 31 ] Sunny Day Real Estate fell apart after Diary , as Enigk became a born-again Christian and launched a solo career while the other members drifted into new projects such as the Foo Fighters . Sunny Day Real Estate terbentuk di Seattle pada ketinggian 1990-an awal grunge booming. [27] Berbeda dengan Jawbreaker, anggotanya telah dicapai musisi dengan gigi yang berkualitas tinggi, ambisi tinggi musik, penulisan lagu yang rumit, dan suara, epik menyapu . [27] Frontman Jeremy Enigk bernyanyi putus asa, dalam falsetto register, tentang kehilangan dirinya sendiri dan subsuming dirinya dalam sesuatu yang lebih besar, sering menggunakan lyrics serampangan dan kata-kata dibuat. [28] band's debut album Diary (1994) adalah over-the- -atas dan romantis, dan video musik untuk "Tujuh" diputar di MTV . [29] ambisius suara Band menantang band lainnya untuk menjangkau lebih lanjut dengan musik mereka sendiri dalam sentimen, instrumentasi, dan metafora, dan mewakili perubahan generasi antara grunge dan emo. [30] emo punk band bersandar-lain segera mengikuti, dan kata "emo" mulai bergeser dari yang jelas dan terdefinisi untuk merujuk pada jenis tertentu secara emosional sombong musik yang romantis tapi menjauhkan dari sifat politik punk rock. [31] Sunny Day Real Estate runtuh setelah Diary, sebagai Enigk menjadi Kristen yang dilahirkan kembali dan meluncurkan karier solo sedangkan anggota lainnya mengalir ke proyek-proyek baru seperti Foo Fighters . They released three more albums through a series of breakups and occasional reunions, but are remembered primarily for the promise of their debut and the shift it engendered in the tastes of underground rock fans. [ 32 ] Mereka merilis tiga album lebih melalui serangkaian putus dan reuni sesekali, namun ingat terutama untuk janji debut mereka dan pergeseran itu ditimbulkan dalam selera penggemar musik rock bawah tanah. [32]
Underground popularity: Mid 1990s Underground popularitas: Mid 1990
In the mid-1990s the American punk and indie rock movements, which had been largely underground since the early 1980s, became part of mainstream culture. Pada pertengahan 1990-an American punk dan indie rock gerakan, yang sebagian besar telah bawah tanah sejak awal 1980-an, menjadi bagian dari budaya mainstream. After Nirvana 's success, major record labels capitalized on the popularity of alternative rock and other underground music by signing numerous independent bands and spending large amounts of capital promoting them. [ 33 ] In 1994, the same year that Jawbreaker's 24 Hour Revenge Therapy and Sunny Day Real Estate's Diary were released, pop punk acts Green Day and The Offspring had mutiplatinum successes with their respective albums Dookie and Smash . Setelah Nirvana keberhasilan ', label rekaman besar memanfaatkan popularitas rock alternatif dan musik bawah tanah yang lain dengan menandatangani band independen banyak dan menghabiskan jumlah besar modal mempromosikan mereka. [33] 1994 Pada, tahun yang sama yang 24 Jawbreaker Jam Revenge Terapi dan Sunny Day Real Estate's Diary dibebaskan, punk pop bertindak Green Day dan The Offspring telah mutiplatinum kesuksesan dengan masing album Dookie dan Smash . In the wake of the underground going mainstream, over the next several years emo as a genre retreated, reformed, and morphed into a national subculture, then eventually something more. [ 33 ] Drawing inspiration from bands like Jawbreaker, Drive Like Jehu , and Fugazi , the new sound of emo was a mixture of hardcore 's passion and indie rock's intelligence, bearing the anthemic power of punk rock and its do-it-yourself work ethic but with smoother songs, sloppier melodies, and yearning vocals. [ 34 ] Many of the new emo bands originated from the Midwestern and Central United States , such as Braid from Champaign - Urbana, Illinois , Christie Front Drive from Denver , Colorado , Mineral from Austin, Texas , Jimmy Eat World from Mesa, Arizona , The Get Up Kids from Kansas City, Missouri , and The Promise Ring from Milwaukee , Wisconsin . [ 35 ] According to Andy Greenwald , "This was the period when emo earned many, if not all, of the stereotypes that have lasted to this day: boy-driven, glasses-wearing, overly sensitive, overly brainy, chiming-guitar-driven college music." [ 34 ] Dalam bangun dari mainstream akan bawah tanah, selama beberapa tahun mendatang emo sebagai genre mundur, direformasi, dan berubah menjadi sub-budaya nasional, maka akhirnya sesuatu yang lebih. [33] Menggambar inspirasi dari band-band seperti Jawbreaker, Drive Like Jehu , dan Fugazi , suara baru emo merupakan campuran hardcore 'kerinduan dan rock intelijen indie, bantalan kekuatan anthemic dari punk rock dan yang do-it-yourself etos kerja tapi dengan lagu-lagu halus, melodi ceroboh, dan vokal kerinduan. [34] Banyak dari band-band emo baru berasal dari Midwestern dan Amerika Tengah , seperti Braid dari Champaign - Urbana, Illinois , Christie Front Drive dari Denver , Colorado , Mineral dari Austin, Texas , Jimmy Eat World dari Mesa, Arizona , The Get Up anak-anak dari Kansas City, Missouri , dan The Promise Ring dari Milwaukee , Wisconsin . [35] Menurut Andy Greenwald , "Ini adalah periode ketika emo banyak yang diterima, jika tidak semua, dari stereotip yang telah berlangsung sampai hari ini: anak- digerakkan, gelas-memakai, terlalu sensitif, terlalu cerdas, berdentang-gitar-driven kuliah musik. " [34]
| "If It's Here When We Get Back It's Ours" by Texas Is the Reason "Jika Itu Di sini Ketika Kita Dapatkan Kembali It's Ours" oleh Texas Apakah Alasan Texas Is the Reason bridged indie rock and emo by blending melody with punk musicianship and singing directly to the listener. Texas Apakah Alasan menjembatani indie rock dan emo oleh melodi pencampuran dengan musisi punk dan bernyanyi langsung kepada pendengar. Lifetime 's brand of melodic hardcore with introspective lyrics inspired numerous later New Jersey and Long Island emo bands. Lifetime merek 's dari hardcore melodis dengan lirik introspektif banyak terinspirasi kemudian New Jersey , dan Long Island emo band. |
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On the east coast, New York City -based Texas Is the Reason bridged the gap between indie rock and emo in their brief three-year lifespan by melding the melodies of Sunny Day Real Estate to churning punk musicianship and singing directly to the listener. [ 36 ] In New Jersey , Lifetime gained a reputation as a melodic hardcore act, playing shows in fans' basements. [ 37 ] Their 1995 album Hello Bastards on rising independent label Jade Tree Records fused hardcore with emo's tunefulness, turning its back on cynicism and irony in favor of love songs. [ 37 ] The album sold tens of thousands of copies [ 38 ] and the band inspired a number of later New Jersey and Long Island emo acts such as Brand New , Glassjaw , Midtown , [ 39 ] The Movielife , My Chemical Romance , [ 39 ] Saves the Day , [ 39 ] [ 40 ] Senses Fail , [ 39 ] Taking Back Sunday , [ 38 ] [ 39 ] and Thursday . [ 39 ] [ 41 ] Di pantai timur, New York City berbasis Texas Apakah Alasan menjembatani kesenjangan antara rock indie dan emo dalam tiga tahun singkat jangka hidup mereka dengan perpaduan irama yang Sunny Day Real Estate untuk musisi punk bergolak dan bernyanyi langsung kepada pendengar. [ 36] Di New Jersey , Lifetime memperoleh reputasi sebagai hardcore melodis bertindak, bermain pertunjukkan di 'basement fans. [37] album mereka 1995 Bastards Halo pada naik label independen Jade Tree Records fusi hardcore dengan yang tunefulness emo, kembali pada sinisme dan ironi yang mendukung lagu-lagu cinta. [37] Album menjual puluhan ribu kopi [38] dan band ini terinspirasi beberapa kemudian New Jersey, dan Long Island emo bertindak sebagai Brand New , Glassjaw , Midtown , [39] The Movielife , My Chemical Romance , [39] Menyimpan Hari , [39] [40] Senses Fail , [39] Mengambil Kembali Minggu , [38] [39] dan Kamis . [39] [41]
The Promise Ring were one of the premier bands of the new emo style. Cincin Janji adalah salah satu band utama dari gaya emo baru. Their music took a slower, smoother, pop punk approach to hardcore riffs, blending them with singer Davey von Bohlen 's goofy, picturesque lyrics delivered with a froggy croon and pronounced lisp , and they played shows in basements and VFW halls [ 42 ] Jade Tree released their debut 30° Everywhere in 1996 and it sold tens of thousands of copies, a blockbuster by independent standards. [ 43 ] Greenwald describes the effect of the album as "like being hit in the head with cotton candy." [ 44 ] Other bands such as Karate , The Van Pelt , Joan of Arc , and The Shyness Clinic incorporated elements of post-rock and noise rock into the emo sound. [ 45 ] The common lyrical thread between these bands was "applying big questions to small scenarios." [ 45 ] Musik mereka mengambil lebih lambat, halus, punk pop pendekatan riff hardcore, pencampuran dengan penyanyi Davey von Bohlen 's konyol, lirik indah disampaikan dengan merintih seperti kodok dan diucapkan cadel , dan mereka bermain pertunjukkan di ruang bawah tanah dan VFW ruang [42] Jade Pohon merilis album perdana mereka 30 ° mana-mana pada tahun 1996 dan terjual puluhan ribu kopi, sebuah blockbuster oleh standar independen. [43] Greenwald menggambarkan pengaruh album sebagai "seperti dipukul di kepala dengan permen kapas." [44] band-band lain seperti Karate , The Van Pelt , Joan of Arc , dan Rasa Malu Klinik dimasukkan unsur-unsur post-rock dan rock suara ke suara emo. [45] Benang lyrical umum di antara band-band ini adalah "pertanyaan besar untuk menerapkan skenario kecil ". [45]
| Pinkerton 's abrasive sound and confessional lyrics led to critical and commercial failure in the short term, but in retrospect it is regarded as the most important emo album of the 1990s. Pinkerton 's suara kasar dan lirik pengakuan mengakibatkan kegagalan kritis dan komersial dalam jangka pendek, tapi kalau dipikir-pikir itu dianggap sebagai album paling penting emo tahun 1990-an. |
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A cornerstone of mid-1990s emo was Weezer 's 1996 album Pinkerton . [ 46 ] Following the success of their mutiplatinum debut , Pinkerton turned from their power pop sound to a much darker, more abrasive character. [ 47 ] [ 48 ] Frontman Rivers Cuomo 's songs were obsessed with messy, manipulative sex and his own insecurities of dealing with celebrity. [ 48 ] A critical and commercial failure, [ 48 ] [ 49 ] it was ranked by Rolling Stone as the second-worst album of the year. [ 50 ] Cuomo retreated from the public eye, [ 48 ] later referring to the album as "hideous" and "a hugely painful mistake". [ 51 ] However, Pinkerton found enduring appeal with teenagers just discovering alternative rock , who were drawn to its confessional lyrics and themes of rejection and came to believe that it was directed at them. [ 52 ] Sales grew steadily as word of the album passed between fans, over online messageboards, and via Napster . [ 52 ] "Although no one was paying attention", says Greenwald, "perhaps because no one was paying attention— Pinkerton became the most important emo album of the decade." [ 52 ] When Weezer returned in 2000, however, they did so with a decidedly pop sound. Landasan dari pertengahan 1990-an emo adalah Weezer 's 1996 album Pinkerton . [46] Menyusul keberhasilan mereka debut mutiplatinum , Pinkerton berpaling dari mereka kekuatan pop suara ke, lebih gelap karakter yang jauh abrasif. [47] [48] Frontman Sungai Cuomo lagu 'yang terobsesi dengan berantakan, manipulatif seks dan ketidaknyamanan sendiri berurusan dengan selebriti. [48] A dan komersial kegagalan kritis, [48] [49] itu peringkat oleh Rolling Stone sebagai album kedua terburuk tahun . [50] Cuomo mundur dari mata publik, [48] kemudian merujuk ke album sebagai "mengerikan" dan "kesalahan yang sangat menyakitkan". [51] Namun, Pinkerton ditemukan bertahan banding dengan remaja hanya menemukan rock alternatif , yang diambil untuk lyrics pengakuan dan tema penolakan dan mulai percaya bahwa itu ditujukan pada mereka. [52] Penjualan tumbuh terus sebagai firman album lewat di antara penggemar, atas Messageboards online, dan melalui Napster . [52] "Meskipun tidak ada seorang pun membayar "perhatian, kata Greenwald," mungkin karena tidak ada yang memperhatikan-Pinkerton menjadi emo album terpenting dekade ini ". [52] Ketika Weezer kembali pada tahun 2000, namun, mereka melakukannya dengan jelas pop suara. Cuomo refused to play songs from Pinkerton , dismissing it as "ugly" and "embarrassing". [ 53 ] Nevertheless, the album held its appeal and eventually achieved both high sales and critical praise, and is noted for introducing emo to larger and more mainstream audiences. [ 54 ] Cuomo menolak untuk memainkan lagu dari Pinkerton, menolak itu sebagai "buruk" dan "memalukan". [53] Meskipun demikian, album ini diadakan banding dan akhirnya mencapai penjualan yang tinggi baik dan pujian kritis, dan dicatat untuk memperkenalkan emo dan lebih utama lebih besar penonton. [54]
| Andy Greenwald calls "If I Could" "the ultimate expression of mid-nineties emo." Andy Greenwald panggilan "Jika Aku Bisa" "pernyataan terbesar dari pertengahan tahun sembilan puluhan emo." |
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The emo aesthetic of the mid-1990s was embodied in Mineral, whose albums The Power of Failing (1997) and EndSerenading (1998) encapsulated the emo tropes of somber music accompanied by a shy narrator singing seriously about mundane problems. [ 55 ] Greenwald calls their song "If I Could" "the ultimate expression of mid-nineties emo. The song's short synopsis—she is beautiful, I am weak, dumb, and shy; I am alone but am surprisingly poetic when left alone—sums up everything that emo's adherents admired and its detractors detested." [ 55 ] Another significant band of the era was Braid, whose 1998 album Frame and Canvas and B-side song "Forever Got Shorter" blurred the lines between band and listener, as the group was a mirror-image of its own audience in passion and sentiment and sang in the voice of their fans. [ 56 ] Estetika emo pertengahan tahun 1990-an-adalah yang terkandung dalam Mineral, yang album Kekuatan Gagal (1997) dan EndSerenading (1998) encapsulated tropes dari musik emo muram disertai dengan narator malu bernyanyi serius tentang masalah duniawi. [55] Greenwald panggilan lagu mereka "Jika Aku Bisa" "pernyataan terbesar dari pertengahan tahun sembilan puluhan emo. Lagu pendek sinopsis-dia cantik, aku lemah, bodoh, dan malu, aku sendirian tapi aku mengejutkan puitis ketika dibiarkan sendiri-sangat tepat untuk segala sesuatu yang itu pengikut emo dikagumi dan pencela yang membenci ". [55] lain band besar era itu Braid, yang album tahun 1998 Frame dan kanvas , dan B-side song "Forever Got Shorter" mengaburkan garis antara band dan pendengar, sebagai kelompok adalah cermin-citra penonton sendiri dalam semangat dan sentimen dan bernyanyi dalam suara fans mereka. [56]
| The Promise Ring 's Nothing Feels Good was the most commercially successful emo album of the mid-1990s due to its effective blend of pop and punk. The Promise Ring 's Tidak ada Feels Good adalah sukses komersial album emo sebagian besar pertengahan tahun 1990-karena yang campuran efektif pop dan punk. |
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Though the emo style of the mid-1990s had thousands of young fans, it never broke into the national consciousness. [ 57 ] A few bands were offered contracts with major record labels, but most broke up before they could capitalize on the opportunity. [ 58 ] Jimmy Eat World signed to Capitol Records in 1995 and built a following among the emo community with their album Static Prevails , but did not break into the mainstream despite their major-label association as their music was mostly lost amongst the popular ska movement of the period. [ 59 ] The Promise Ring were the most commercially successful emo band of the time, with sales of their 1997 album Nothing Feels Good topping out in the mid-five figures. [ 57 ] Greenwald calls the album "the pinnacle of its generation of emo: a convergence of pop and punk, of resignation and celebration, of the lure of girlfriends and the pull of friends, bandmates, and the road." [ 60 ] He refers to mid-1990s emo as "the last subculture made of vinyl and paper instead of plastic and megabytes." [ 61 ] Meskipun gaya emo pertengahan tahun 1990-an-telah ribuan penggemar muda, tidak pernah masuk ke kesadaran nasional. [57] Sebuah beberapa band yang ditawarkan kontrak dengan label rekaman besar, tetapi kebanyakan putus sebelum mereka bisa memanfaatkan kesempatan. [ 58] Jimmy Eat World kontrak dengan Capitol Records pada tahun 1995 dan dibangun setelah kalangan komunitas emo dengan album Statis berlaku , tapi tidak masuk ke mainstream utama walaupun asosiasi-label mereka sebagai musik mereka sebagian besar hilang di antara populer ska gerakan periode. [59] The Ring Janji adalah band yang sukses secara komersial emo sebagian besar waktunya, dengan penjualan album mereka 1997 Tidak Menyenangkan topping di angka pertengahan tahun. [57] Greenwald panggilan album "puncak yang generasi emo: sebuah konvergensi pop dan punk, pengunduran diri dan perayaan, dari godaan pacar dan menarik teman-teman, bandmates, dan jalan. " [60] Dia mengacu pada pertengahan 1990-an emo sebagai "subkultur terakhir dibuat vinil dan kertas, bukan plastik dan megabyte ". [61]
Independent success: Late 1990s and early 2000s Independen sukses: Akhir 1990-an dan awal 2000-an
Beginning in the late 1990s emo had a surge of popularity in the realm of independent music, as a number of notable acts and record labels experienced successes that would lay the foundation for the style's later mainstream breakthrough. Dimulai pada akhir 1990-an emo memiliki gelombang popularitas di dunia musik independen, dan sejumlah tindakan yang terkemuka dan label rekaman mengalami kesuksesan yang akan meletakkan dasar bagi terobosan gaya nanti mainstream. As emo gained a larger fanbase the music business began see its marketing potential, and as big business entered the picture many of the acts previously associated with the term intentionally distanced themselves from it: Sebagai emo memperoleh fanbase besar bisnis musik mulai melihat potensi pemasaran, dan sebagai bisnis besar memasuki banyak gambaran tindakan sebelumnya yang terkait dengan istilah itu sengaja menjauhkan diri dari itu:
As the '90s wore to a close, the music that was being labeled emo was making a connection with a larger and larger group of people. Sebagai tahun 90-an memakai untuk menutup, musik yang sedang diberi label emo adalah membuat sambungan dengan kelompok yang lebih besar dan lebih besar orang. the aspects of it that were the most contagious—the sensitivity, hooks, and average-guy appeal—were also the easiest to latch onto, replicate, and mass market. aspek itu yang paling menular-sensitivitas, kait, dan rata-rata pria banding-juga yang paling mudah untuk latch ke, replikasi, dan pasar massal. As with any phenomenon—exactly like what happened with Sunny Day [Real Estate]—when business enters into a high-stakes, highly personal sphere, things tend to go awry very quickly [...] As fans threatened to storm the emo bandwagon, the groups couldn't jump off of it fast enough. Seperti halnya fenomena-persis seperti apa yang terjadi dengan Sunny Day [Real Estate]-ketika bisnis masuk ke dalam-taruhan tinggi, sangat lingkup pribadi, hal-hal yang cenderung pergi kacau sangat cepat [...] Sebagai penggemar mengancam akan badai kereta musik emo itu , kelompok-kelompok tidak bisa melompat itu cukup cepat. The popularity and bankability of the word—if not the music—transformed an affiliation with the mid-nineties version of emo into an albatross. [ 62 ] Popularitas dan kredit bank dari kata-kalau bukan mengubah musik-afiliasi dengan versi pertengahan sembilan puluhan emo menjadi albatros. [62]
In 1997 Deep Elm Records launched a series of compilation albums entitled The Emo Diaries , which continued until 2007 with eleven installments. [ 63 ] Featuring mostly unreleased music from unsigned bands, the series included acts such as Jimmy Eat World , Further Seems Forever , Samiam , and The Movielife . [ 63 ] The diversity of bands and musical styles made the case for emo as more of a shared aesthetic than a genre, and the series helped to codify the term "emo" and spread it throughout the community of underground music. [ 62 ] Pada tahun 1997 Elm Deep Records meluncurkan serangkaian album kompilasi berjudul Emo Diaries , yang dilanjutkan sampai 2007 dengan cicilan sebelas. [63] Fitur sebagian besar belum pernah dirilis musik dari band-band unsigned, serial ini termasuk tindakan seperti Jimmy Eat World , Forever Sepertinya lebih lanjut , Samiam , dan Movielife itu . [63] Keragaman gaya musik band dan membuat kasus emo sebagai lebih dari sebuah estetika bersama dari genre, dan seri membantu mengkodifikasi emo "istilah" dan menyebar ke seluruh komunitas musik underground . [62]
| Clarity was an underground hit for Jimmy Eat World even though it was not a commercial success, despite the promotion of " Lucky Denver Mint ". Kejelasan merupakan hit bawah tanah untuk Jimmy Eat World meskipun itu tidak sukses secara komersial, meskipun promosi " Lucky Denver Mint ". |
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Jimmy Eat World's 1999 album Clarity was one of the most significant emo albums of the late 1990s and became a touchstone for later emo bands. [ 64 ] Writing in 2003, Andy Greenwald called it "one of the most fiercely beloved rock 'n' roll records of the last decade. It is name-checked by every single contemporary emo band as their favorite album, as a mind-bending milemarker that proved that punk rock could be tuneful, emotional, wide-ranging, and ambitious." [ 64 ] However, despite warm critical reception and promotion of the single " Lucky Denver Mint " in the Drew Barrymore comedy film Never Been Kissed , Clarity was commercially unsuccessful in a musical climate dominated by teen pop, and the band left major label Capitol Records the following year. [ 65 ] [ 66 ] Nevertheless, the album gained steady popularity via word-of-mouth and was treasured by fans, eventually selling over 70,000 copies. [ 67 ] Jimmy Eat World self-financed the recording of their next album Bleed American (2001) before signing to Dreamworks Records . Dunia 1999 album Jimmy Eat Kejelasan adalah salah satu emo album paling signifikan dari tahun 1990-an dan menjadi batu ujian untuk kemudian band emo. [64] Menulis di tahun 2003, Andy Greenwald menyebutnya "salah satu tercinta rock keras yang paling 'n' roll catatan pada dekade terakhir.. Ini adalah nama-diperiksa oleh emo kontemporer tunggal setiap band favorit mereka sebagai album, seperti pikiran-bending sebuah milemarker yang membuktikan bahwa punk rock bisa merdu, emosional, luas, dan ambisius " [64] Namun, meskipun penerimaan kritis hangat dan promosi dari single " Lucky Denver Mint "dalam Drew Barrymore film komedi Never Been Mencium , Kejelasan secara komersial berhasil dalam iklim musik didominasi oleh pop remaja, dan band major label meninggalkan Capitol Records pada tahun berikutnya . [65] [66] Meskipun demikian, album ini mendapatkan popularitas melalui kata-stabil-mulut dan berharga oleh penggemar, akhirnya menjual lebih dari 70.000 eksemplar. [67] Jimmy Eat World sendiri membiayai rekaman album mereka berikutnya Bleed American ( 2001) sebelum penandatanganan untuk Dreamworks Records . The album sold 30,000 copies in its first week and went gold shortly after. Album ini terjual sebanyak 30.000 kopi dalam minggu pertama dan pergi tak lama setelah emas. In 2002 it went platinum as emo broke into the mainstream. [ 68 ] Pada tahun 2002 ia pergi platinum sebagai emo masuk ke mainstream. [68]
Drive-Thru Records , founded in 1996, steadily built up a roster of primarily pop punk bands with emo characteristics such as Midtown , The Starting Line , The Movielife, and Something Corporate . [ 69 ] Drive-Thru's partnership with major label MCA enabled their brand of emo-inflected pop to reach wider audiences. [ 70 ] The label's biggest early success was New Found Glory , [ 70 ] whose 2000 eponymous album reached #107 on the Billboard 200 [ 71 ] with the single " Hit or Miss " reaching #15 on Modern Rock Tracks . [ 72 ] Drive-Thru's unabashedly populist and capitalist approach to music allowed its bands' albums and merchandise to sell heavily through popular outlets such as Hot Topic : [ 73 ] Drive-Thru Records , yang didirikan pada tahun 1996, terus membangun sebuah daftar dari terutama pop punk band dengan karakteristik emo seperti Midtown , The Mulai Line , The Movielife, dan Sesuatu Perusahaan . [69] -Thru's kemitraan Drive dengan label besar AMK diaktifkan mereka merek-infleksi pop emo untuk menjangkau audiens yang lebih luas. [70] terbesar awal Keberhasilan's label adalah New Found Glory , [70] yang 2000 album eponymous mencapai # 107 di Billboard 200 [71] dengan single " Hit atau Miss "mencapai # 15 di Modern Rock Tracks . [72] -Thru itu tanpa malu-malu populis dan pendekatan kapitalis Drive diizinkan musik 'band album dan merchandise untuk menjual banyak melalui outlet populer seperti Hot Topic : [73]
In a world where cars are advertised as punk, Green Day members are platinum rock stars, and getting pierced and tatted up is as natural as a sweet-sixteen party, everyone is free to come up with their own definition of punk—and everyone is ready to embrace it. Dalam dunia di mana mobil diiklankan sebagai punk, Green Day bintang rock anggota platinum, dan mendapatkan ditusuk dengan tombak dan tatted up sebagai alam sebagai pihak yang manis-enam belas, semua orang bebas untuk datang dengan definisi mereka sendiri punk-dan semua orang siap untuk menerimanya. Emo had always connected with young people—it had just never aggressively marketed itself to them. [ 74 ] Emo selalu terhubung dengan orang-muda itu tidak pernah agresif dipasarkan sendiri kepada mereka. [74]
| The Get Up Kids ' Something to Write Home About helped Vagrant Records expand into a much larger label and sign numerous other emo acts. Dapatkan Up Anak ' Sesuatu Menulis Home Tentang membantu Vagrant Records meluas menjadi satu label besar banyak dan tanda lainnya emo banyak bertindak. |
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Independent label Vagrant Records was behind several successful emo acts of the late 1990s and early 2000s. The Get Up Kids had sold over 15,000 copies of their debut album Four Minute Mile (1997) before signing to Vagrant, who promoted the band aggressively and put them on tours opening for big-name acts like Green Day and Weezer . [ 75 ] Their 1999 album Something to Write Home About was an independent success, reaching #31 on Billboard 's Top Heatseekers chart. [ 76 ] Vagrant signed and released albums by a number of other emo and emo-related acts over the next two years, including The Anniversary , Reggie and the Full Effect , The New Amsterdams , Alkaline Trio , Saves the Day , Dashboard Confessional , Hey Mercedes , and Hot Rod Circuit . [ 77 ] Saves the Day had built a large following on the east coast and sold almost 50,000 copies of their second album Through Being Cool (1999) [ 40 ] before signing to Vagrant and releasing Stay What You Are (2001), which sold 15,000 copies in its first week, [ 78 ] reached #100 on the Billboard 200, [ 79 ] and went on to sell over 200,000 copies. [ 80 ] In the summer of 2001 Vagrant organized a national tour featuring every band on the label, sponsored by corporations such as Microsoft and Coca-Cola . Label Independen Records Vagrant berada di balik beberapa keberhasilan tindakan emo akhir 1990-an dan awal 2000. The Get Up Kids telah menjual lebih dari 15.000 kopi album debut mereka Empat Menit Mile (1997) sebelum penandatanganan untuk Vagrant, yang dipromosikan band agresif dan menempatkan mereka tur pembuka untuk nama-tindakan besar seperti Green Day dan Weezer . [75] album mereka 1999 Sesuatu Menulis Home Tentang merupakan sukses independen, mencapai # 31 di Billboard 's Top Heatseekers grafik. [76] Vagrant ditandatangani dan dirilis album oleh sejumlah emo lainnya dan yang berkaitan dengan tindakan emo selama dua tahun ke depan, termasuk Ulang Tahun , Reggie dan penuh Efek , The Amsterdams Baru , Alkaline Trio , Menyimpan Hari , Dashboard Confessional , Hei Mercedes , dan Hot Rod Circuit . [77 ] Menghemat Hari telah membangun berikut besar di pesisir timur dan terjual hampir 50.000 eksemplar album kedua mereka Melalui Menjadi Cool (1999) [40] sebelum penandatanganan untuk Vagrant dan melepaskan Tetap Apa yang Anda Apakah (2001), yang terjual 15.000 eksemplar di minggu pertama, [78] mencapai # 100 di Billboard 200, [79] dan pergi untuk menjual lebih dari 200.000 eksemplar. [80] Pada musim panas 2001 Vagrant mengadakan tur nasional setiap menampilkan band pada label, disponsori oleh perusahaan seperti Microsoft dan Coca-Cola . This populist approach and the use of the internet as a marketing tool helped Vagrant become one of the country's most successful independent labels and also helped to popularize the term "emo". [ 81 ] According Greenwald, "More than any other event, it was Vagrant America that defined emo to masses—mainly because it had the gumption to hit the road and bring it to them ." [ 78 ] Pendekatan populis dan penggunaan internet sebagai alat pemasaran membantu Vagrant menjadi salah satu yang paling sukses independen negara label dan juga membantu mempopulerkan istilah "emo". [81] Menurut Greenwald, "Lebih dari event lainnya, itu pengembara Amerika yang didefinisikan emo massa-terutama karena memiliki keberanian untuk menekan jalan dan membawanya kepada mereka ". [78]
Mainstream popularity: 2000s Mainstream popularitas: 2000-an
| "Screaming Infidelities" by Dashboard Confessional "Screaming perselingkuhan" oleh Dashboard Confessional "Screaming Infidelities" helped Dashboard Confessional reach #5 on the Independent Albums chart in 2002. "Screaming perselingkuhan" membantu Dashboard Confessional mencapai # 5 di Album Independen bagan pada tahun 2002. " The Middle " reached #1 on Billboard ' s Modern Rock Tracks chart and helped Bleed American reach platinum sales. " Tengah "mencapai # 1 di Billboard 's modern Rock Tracks grafik dan membantu Amerika berdarah mencapai penjualan platinum. |
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Emo broke into the mainstream media in the summer of 2002 with a number of notable events: [ 82 ] Jimmy Eat World 's Bleed American album went platinum on the strength of " The Middle ", which reached #1 on Billboard 's Modern Rock Tracks chart. [ 82 ] [ 83 ] [ 84 ] Dashboard Confessional reached #22 on the same chart with "Screaming Infidelities" [ 85 ] from their Vagrant Records debut The Places You Have Come to Fear the Most , which was #5 on Independent Albums , [ 86 ] and became the first non-platinum-selling artist to record an episode of MTV Unplugged [ 82 ] (the resultant live album itself was a #1 Independent Album in 2003 and quickly went platinum). [ 86 ] [ 87 ] New Found Glory 's album Sticks and Stones debuted at #4 on the Billboard 200 . [ 82 ] [ 88 ] Saves the Day toured with Green Day , Blink-182 , and Weezer , playing large arenas such as Madison Square Garden , [ 89 ] and by the end of the year had performed on Late Night with Conan O'Brien , appeared on the cover of Alternative Press , and had music videos for "At Your Funeral" and "Freakish" in heavy rotation on MTV2 . [ 78 ] [ 80 ] Articles on Vagrant Records were published in Time and Newsweek , [ 90 ] while the word "emo" began appearing on numerous magazine covers and became a catchall term for any music outside of mainstream pop. [ 91 ] Andy Greenwald attributes emo's sudden explosion into the mainstream to media outlets looking for the "next big thing" in the wake of the September 11 attacks : Emo masuk ke media utama di musim panas 2002 dengan sejumlah peristiwa penting: [82] Jimmy Eat World 's Bleed American pergi platinum album pada kekuatan " Tengah ", yang mencapai # 1 di Billboard 's Rock Modern Tracks chart. [82] [83] [84] Dashboard Confessional mencapai # 22 di chart yang sama dengan "Screaming perselingkuhan" [85] dari yang Vagrant Records Debut Tempat Anda Memiliki Datanglah ke Takut Paling , yang # 5 pada Independen Album , [86] dan menjadi artis non-platinum-selling pertama untuk merekam sebuah episode MTV Unplugged [82] (dalam album live resultan itu sendiri adalah # 1 Album Independen pada tahun 2003 dan dengan cepat pergi platinum). [86] [87 ] New Found Glory, album 's Tongkat dan Batu debuted di # 4 pada Billboard 200 . [82] [88] Menyimpan Hari tur dengan Green Day , Blink-182 dan Weezer , arena bermain besar seperti Madison Square Garden , [ 89] dan pada akhir tahun ini telah dilakukan pada Late Night dengan Conan O'Brien , muncul di sampul Alternatif Tekan , dan video musik untuk "Pada Anda Pemakaman" dan "aneh" di rotasi berat pada MTV2 . [78 ] [80] Artikel tentang Vagrant Records diterbitkan di Time dan Newsweek , [90] sementara kata "emo" mulai muncul di majalah banyak mencakup dan menjadi istilah yang mencakup semuanya untuk musik luar dari pop mainstream. [91] Andy Greenwald atribut emo's tiba-tiba ledakan ke media mainstream untuk mencari hal yang besar berikutnya "" di bangun dari serangan September 11 :
The media business, so desperate for its self-obsessed, post-9/11 predictions of a return to austerity and the death of irony to come true, had found its next big thing. Bisnis media, sehingga putus asa untuk yang terobsesi diri, post-9/11 prediksi untuk kembali kepada kesederhanaan dan kematian ironi menjadi kenyataan, telah menemukan hal berikutnya yang besar. But it was barely a "thing," because no one had heard of it, and those who had couldn't define it. Tapi itu hampir tidak sesuatu "," karena tak ada yang mendengarnya, dan mereka yang tidak bisa mendefinisikannya. Despite the fact that the hedonistic, materialistic hip-hop of Nelly was still dominating the charts, magazine readers in the summer of '02 were informed that the nation was deep in an introverted healing process, and the way it was healing was by wearing thick black glasses and vintage striped shirts. Meskipun kenyataan bahwa, hedonistik hip-hop Nelly materialistik masih mendominasi grafik, majalah pembaca pada musim panas '02 diberitahu bahwa bangsa itu jauh di dalam proses penyembuhan tertutup, dan cara itu kesembuhan itu dengan memakai tebal kacamata hitam dan kemeja garis-garis vintage. Emo, we were told, would heal us all through fashion. [ 92 ] Emo, kami diberitahu, akan menyembuhkan kita semua melalui fashion. [92]
In the wake of this success, many emo bands were signed to major record labels and the style became a marketable product. [ 93 ] Dreamworks Records senior A&R representative Luke Wood remarked that "The industry really does look at emo as the new raprock, or the new grunge. I don't think that anyone is listening to the music that's being made—they're thinking of how they're going to take advantage of the sound's popularity at retail." [ 94 ] The depoliticized nature of emo, coupled with its catchy music and accessible themes, gave it a broad appeal to young mainstream audiences. [ 95 ] Dalam bangun dari keberhasilan ini, band-band emo banyak yang masuk ke label rekaman besar dan gaya menjadi sebuah produk berharga. [93] Dreamworks Records senior A & R perwakilan Lukas Wood mengatakan bahwa "Industri ini benar-benar melihat emo sebagai raprock baru, atau yang grunge baru. Saya tidak berpikir bahwa ada yang mendengarkan musik yang sedang dibuat-mereka memikirkan bagaimana mereka akan mengambil keuntungan dari sumber suara popularitas di ritel ". [94] Sifat terdepolitisasi emo, ditambah dengan musik catchy dan tema diakses, memberinya daya tarik yang luas kepada khalayak mainstream muda. [95]
At the same time, a darker, more aggressive offshoot of emo gained popularity. Pada saat yang sama, gelap, cabang lebih agresif dari emo mendapatkan popularitas. New Jersey–based Thursday signed a multi-million-dollar, multialbum contract with Island Def Jam on the strength of their 2001 album Full Collapse , which reached #178 on the Billboard 200. [ 96 ] Their music differed from the prominent emo bands of the time in that it was more politicized and lacked dominant pop hooks and anthems, drawing influence from more maudlin bands such as The Smiths , Joy Division , and The Cure . Berbasis di New Jersey Kamis menandatangani multi jutaan dolar, multialbum kontrak dengan Island Def Jam pada kekuatan album mereka 2001 Kendali Collapse , yang mencapai # 178 di Billboard 200. [96] musik mereka berbeda dari band-band emo terkemuka dalam waktu itu lebih politis dan tidak memiliki pop dominan kait dan lagu, menggambar pengaruh dari band-band cengeng lebih seperti The Smiths , Joy Division , dan The Cure . However, the band's accessibility, openness, basement-show roots, and touring alongside bands like Saves the Day made them part of the emo movement. [ 97 ] Namun, band ini aksesibilitas, keterbukaan, akar-menunjukkan ruang bawah tanah, dan tur bersama band-band seperti Menyimpan Hari membuat mereka bagian dari pergerakan emo. [97]
Fashion and stereotype Fashion dan stereotip
Today emo is commonly tied to both music and fashion as well as the emo subculture. [ 98 ] Usually among teens, the term "emo" is stereotyped with wearing skinny jeans , sometimes in bright colors, and tight t-shirts (usually short-sleeved) which often bear the names of emo bands. emo Hari ini umumnya terkait dengan baik musik dan fashion serta subkultur emo. [98] Biasanya di kalangan remaja ini, istilah "emo" adalah stereotip kurus dengan mengenakan jins , kadang-kadang dalam warna-warna cerah, dan ketat t-shirt (biasanya pendek lengan) yang sering menanggung nama band emo. Studded belts and black wristbands are common accessories in emo fashion. Studded belt dan gelang hitam aksesori umum di fashion emo. Black Converse sneakers and skate shoes, such as Vans , are popularly worn among people of the emo fashion. Black Converse sneakers dan sepatu roda, seperti Vans , yang populer dipakai antara orang-orang dari fashion emo. Some males also wear thick, black horn-rimmed glasses . [ 99 ] [ 100 ] [ 101 ] Beberapa laki-laki juga memakai tebal, hitam kacamata berbingkai tanduk . [99] [100] [101]
The emo fashion is also recognized for its hairstyles. Gaya emo juga diakui untuk gaya rambut tersebut. Popular looks include long side-swept bangs , sometimes covering one or both eyes. tampak populer termasuk panjang sisi-menyapu poni , kadang-kadang mencakup satu atau kedua mata. Also popular is hair that is straightened and dyed black. Juga populer adalah rambut yang diluruskan dan dicat hitam. Bright colors, such as blue, pink, red, or bleached blond, are also typical as highlights in emo hairstyles. warna Bright, seperti biru, pink, merah, atau dikelantang pirang, juga khas sebagai gaya rambut highlight emo. Short, choppy layers of hair are also common. Pendek, rambut berombak lapis juga umum. This fashion has at times been characterized as a fad . [ 102 ] In the early 2000s, emo fashion was associated with a clean cut look [ 103 ] but as the style spread to younger teenagers, the style has become darker, with long bangs and emphasis on the color black replacing sweater vests . mode ini pada waktu yang telah ditandai sebagai mode . [102] Pada awal 2000-an, fashion emo dikaitkan dengan melihat potongan bersih [103] tetapi sebagai gaya menyebar ke remaja yang lebih muda, gaya telah menjadi gelap, dengan poni panjang dan penekanan pada warna hitam menggantikan sweater rompi .
Emo has been associated with a stereotype that includes being particularly emotional, sensitive, shy, introverted, or angst -ridden. [ 104 ] [ 105 ] [ 106 ] It has also been associated with depression , self-injury , and suicide . [ 107 ] [ 108 ] Emo telah dikaitkan dengan stereotip yang termasuk menjadi sangat emosional, sensitif, pemalu, introver, atau kecemasan -dikuasai. [104] [105] [106] Hal ini juga dikaitkan dengan depresi , diri cedera , dan bunuh diri . [107 ] [108]
Criticism and controversy Kritik dan kontroversi
Gender bias Gender bias
Emo has been criticized for its androcentrism . [ 109 ] Andy Greenwald notes that there are very few women in emo bands, and that even those few do not typically have an active voice in the songs' subject matter: "Though emo—and to a certain degree, punk—has always been a typically male province, the monotony of the labels' gender perspective can be overwhelming." [ 110 ] The triumph of the "lonely boy's aesthetic" in emo, coupled with the style's popularity, has led to a litany of one-sided songs in which males vent their fury at the women who have wronged them: [ 110 ] Some emo bands' lyrics disguise violent anti-women sentiments in a veneer of pop music. [ 111 ] However, despite emo's frequent portrayal of women as powerless victims, fans of the style are from both genders, and some acts have even greater popularity with women than with men. [ 112 ] One explanation for this is that the unifying appeal of emo, its expression of emotional devastation, can be appreciated equally by both sexes regardless of the songs' specific subjects. [ 113 ] Emo telah dikritik karena yang androcentrism . [109] Andy Greenwald mencatat bahwa ada beberapa wanita yang sangat dalam band emo, dan bahkan beberapa orang biasanya tidak memiliki suara aktif dalam 'isi lagu itu: "Meskipun emo-dan ke tingkat tertentu, punk-selalu menjadi laki-laki provinsi biasanya, yang monoton dari 'perspektif gender label dapat luar biasa. " [110] Kemenangan "anak laki-laki kesepian estetika" di emo, ditambah dengan gaya yang popularitas, telah menyebabkan sebuah litani-sisi lagu di mana laki-laki melampiaskan kemarahan mereka pada perempuan yang telah menganiaya mereka: [110] 'band emo lyrics Beberapa menyamarkan anti-perempuan sentimen kekerasan dalam lapisan musik pop. [111] Namun, meskipun emo's sering penggambaran perempuan sebagai korban tak berdaya, penggemar gaya adalah dari kedua jenis kelamin, dan beberapa tindakan memiliki popularitas yang lebih besar bahkan dengan wanita dibandingkan dengan laki-laki. [112] Satu penjelasan untuk ini adalah bahwa banding pemersatu emo, yang ekspresi kehancuran emosional, dapat dihargai sama dengan kedua jenis kelamin tanpa 'subjek khusus lagu itu. [113]
Backlash Tendangan
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The genre emo inspired a backlash movement in response to its rapid growth. Warped Tour founder, Kevin Lyman stated that there was a "real backlash" among bands on the tour towards emo groups, but he dismissed the hostility as "juvenial" in nature. [ 114 ] However, Time Magazine reported in 2008 that "anti-emo" groups attacked teenagers in Mexico City, Querétaro , and Tijuana . [ 115 ] [ 116 ] In Russia, a law has been presented at the Duma to regulate emo websites and forbid emo style at schools and government buildings, for fears of emo being a "dangerous teen trend" promoting anti-social behaviour, depression, social withdrawal and even suicide. [ 117 ] [ 118 ] Several bands considered to be "emo" reject the label for the social stigma and controversy surrounding it. [ 119 ] [ 120 ] [ 121 ] [ 122 ] The genre emo terinspirasi gerakan reaksi dalam menanggapi pertumbuhan yang cepat. Warped Tour pendiri, Kevin Lyman menyatakan bahwa ada reaksi nyata "" di antara band-band di tur terhadap kelompok emo, tapi dia menolak permusuhan sebagai "juvenial" di alam. [114] Namun, Majalah Time pada tahun 2008 melaporkan bahwa "anti-emo" menyerang kelompok remaja di Mexico City, Querétaro , dan Tijuana . [115] [116] Di Rusia, hukum telah disajikan di Duma untuk mengatur website emo dan melarang gaya emo di sekolah dan gedung-gedung pemerintah, oleh karena kekhawatiran dari emo menjadi berbahaya tren remaja "" mempromosikan-perilaku anti sosial, depresi, penarikan sosial dan bahkan bunuh diri. [117] [118] Beberapa band yang dianggap sebagai "emo" menolak label untuk stigma sosial dan kontroversi sekitarnya. [119] [120] [121] [122]
Suicide Bunuh diri
Emo music has been blamed for the suicide by hanging of teenager Hannah Bond by both the coroner at the inquest into her death and her mother, Heather Bond, after it was claimed that emo music glamorized suicide and her apparent obsession with My Chemical Romance was said to be linked to her suicide. Emo musik telah disalahkan untuk bunuh diri dengan menggantung remaja Hannah Bond oleh kedua koroner pada pemeriksaan ke dalam kematian dan ibunya, Heather Bond, setelah diklaim bahwa musik emo bunuh diri glamor dan obsesi jelas dengan My Chemical Romance dikatakan dapat dihubungkan dengan bunuh diri. The inquest heard that she was part of an Internet "emo" cult [ 123 ] and her Bebo page contained an image of an 'emo girl' with bloody wrists. [ 124 ] It also heard that she had discussed the "glamour" of hanging online [ 123 ] and had explained to her parents that her self harming was an "emo initiation ceremony". [ 124 ] Heather Bond criticised emo fashion, saying: "There are 'emo' websites that show pink teddies hanging themselves." Penyelidikan ini mendengar bahwa ia adalah bagian dari internet yang "emo" kultus [123] dan dia Bebo halaman berisi gambar emo girl 'an' dengan pergelangan tangannya berdarah. [124] Ia juga mendengar bahwa ia telah membahas glamour "" menggantung online [123] dan telah menjelaskan kepada orangtuanya bahwa dia merugikan diri adalah "emo upacara inisiasi". [124] Heather Bond dikritik fashion emo, berkata: "Ada 'emo' situs yang menunjukkan boneka pink menggantung diri." After the verdict was reported in NME , fans of emo music contacted the magazine to defend against accusations that it promotes self harm and suicide. [ 125 ] Setelah putusan itu dilaporkan dalam NME , penggemar musik emo dihubungi majalah untuk membela melawan tuduhan bahwa mempromosikan membahayakan diri dan bunuh diri. [125]
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